Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Studies suggest distinct differences in the development, presentation, progression, and response to treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) between females and males. We investigated sex differences in cognition, neuroimaging, and fluid biomarkers in dominantly inherited AD (DIAD).
METHODS
Three hundred twenty-five mutation carriers (55% female) and one hundred eighty-six non-carriers (58% female) of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Observational Study were analyzed. Linear mixed models and Spearman’s correlation explored cross-sectional sex differences in cognition, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (11C-PiB PET) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
RESULTS
Female carriers performed better than males on delayed recall and processing speed despite similar hippocampal volumes. As the disease progressed, symptomatic females revealed higher increases in MRI markers of neurodegeneration and memory impairment. PiB PET and established CSF AD markers revealed no sex differences.
DISCUSSION
Our findings suggest an initial cognitive reserve in female carriers followed by a pronounced increase in neurodegeneration coupled with worse performance on delayed recall at later stages of DIAD.
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This post is Copyright: Olivia Wagemann,
Yan Li,
Jason Hassenstab,
Andrew J. Aschenbrenner,
Nicole S. McKay,
Brian A. Gordon,
Tammie L. S. Benzinger,
Chengjie Xiong,
Carlos Cruchaga,
Alan E. Renton,
Richard J. Perrin,
Sarah B. Berman,
Jasmeer P. Chhatwal,
Martin R. Farlow,
Gregory S. Day,
Takeshi Ikeuchi,
Mathias Jucker,
Francisco Lopera,
Hiroshi Mori,
James M. Noble,
Raquel Sánchez‐Valle,
Peter R. Schofield,
John C. Morris,
Alisha Daniels,
Johannes Levin,
Randall J. Bateman,
Eric McDade,
Jorge J. Llibre‐Guerra,
the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network | September 24, 2023