Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a common form of childhood epilepsy characterized primarily by autonomic seizures, which often last upwards of 20–30 min, thus meeting the criteria for Autonomic Status Epilepticus (ASE). While prognosis for PS is typically positive, subtle neuropsychological deficits have been reported, with one study demonstrating more marked changes following episodes of status epilepticus (SE). Despite the growing body of evidence supporting impairment in areas such as language, attention, and executive functions before seizures resolve, research suggests that these patients are rarely referred for neuropsychological evaluation. As a result, neuropsychologists may not be familiar with PS despite its frequency, and patients demonstrating these subtle deficits may not be receiving supports which allow them to fully engage in academic and extracurricular activities and maximize overall quality of life. Additionally, these patients often show internalizing symptoms which may also affect quality of life and academic performance if not addressed. This case study provides a brief overview of the existing literature on PS as well as an example of a school-age patient presenting with a neuropsychological profile and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings largely consistent with the existing literature. A brief discussion of interpreting inconsistent performance in the context of established attention difficulties and language delays — including failure of multiple embedded performance validity tests — is also included.
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This post is Copyright: | July 21, 2023
Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology – Scholars Portal