Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is characterized by the progressive accumulation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), metabolic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation, is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The distinct pathological features of AD can be characterized in vivo via neuroimaging: Structural magnetic resonance imaging captures brain atrophy, while positron emission tomography detects Aβ/NFT deposition. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance the interpretation of neuroimaging data, but single-modality AI provides only limited biological information. This limitation has motivated the development of multimodal approaches that integrate complementary imaging, molecular, and clinical data for diagnosis and prognosis. However, there has been no comprehensive examination of how modality-specific neuroimaging information is incorporated into single-modality AI and subsequently integrated within multimodal frameworks. This review addresses this gap by evaluating conventional neuroimaging, single-modality AI, and multimodal AI as part of a unified framework, with particular emphasis on the added diagnostic and prognostic value of multimodal integration. We further identify key methodological and translational bottlenecks in developing clinically robust multimodal AI, including cross-modal and cross-cohort heterogeneity, model complexity, missing modalities, interpretability, and generalizability. Finally, we propose a translational roadmap emphasizing data harmonization, independent external validation, clinically meaningful explainability, and prospective evaluation. Ultimately, the clinical value of multimodal AI will depend on whether its added predictive value is reproducible across independent populations and translates into meaningful improvements in clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.
If you do not see content above, kindly GO TO SOURCE.
Not all publishers encode content in a way that enables republishing at Neuro.vip.
This post is Copyright: | November 11, 2026
Neuro-Dementia