Abstract
BACKGROUND
Major neurocognitive disorder (MNCD) represents a critical public health crisis. From the two waves of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia, we investigated the predictive power of longitudinal alterations in plasma proteins to predict the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to MNCD in India.
METHODS
This prospective cohort followed 4635 participants over 55 months. Plasma levels of amyloid beta (Aβ) 42/Aβ40 ratio, neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181), and total tau (t-tau) were measured via single molecule array technology. Comprehensive geriatric assessments were conducted, and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores were measured.
RESULTS
As participants progressed from MCI to MNCD, significant declines in cognitive and functional parameters coincided with elevated plasma protein levels. Biomarkers (GFAP, NfL t-tau, and pTau181) demonstrated strong predictive accuracy, with area under the curve values of 81%, 71%, 74%, and 67%, respectively.
DISCUSSION
Plasma biomarkers effectively estimate dementia progression rates. These findings support using blood-based markers to monitor and track disease trajectory in the Indian population, offering significant clinical utility for early intervention.
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This post is Copyright: | July 7, 2026
Neuro-Dementia