Excitatory synapses onto axonic spines jump-start action potentials and route information flow

by Clinical Neuropsychologist Online | Friday, May 15, 2026 | Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 15 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02282-4The axon initial segment was known to receive GABAergic synaptic inputs. Yang et al. show that it can be excited directly via specialized ‘axonic spines’. These spines thus boost...

Parsing autism spectrum heterogeneity through fMRI

by Clinical Neuropsychologist Online | Friday, May 15, 2026 | Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 15 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02269-1Autism is remarkably heterogeneous, posing a long-standing challenge for linking genetics to brain dynamics. A cross-species study identifies two principal dysconnectivity signatures...

Synchronous climbing fiber activity enables instructive signaling for cerebellar learning through modulation of disinhibitory circuits

by Clinical Neuropsychologist Online | Thursday, May 14, 2026 | Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 14 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02268-2Combining connectomics, physiology and behavior, this study shows how the cerebellum decides when to learn. Synchronized climbing-fiber error signals lift an inhibitory signal gate on...

Integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling in ALS uncovers peripheral-to-central immune infiltration and reprogramming

by Clinical Neuropsychologist Online | Thursday, May 14, 2026 | Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 14 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02300-5This study reveals that the immune system has a role in driving ALS. These findings link blood immune changes to spinal cord damage and suggest personalized treatments targeting specific...

Closed-loop stimulation modulates attention shifting in children

by Clinical Neuropsychologist Online | Wednesday, May 13, 2026 | Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 13 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02294-0Intracranial recordings in children revealed neural signals predicting attentional lapses. Closed-loop stimulation rescued performance and scalp EEG enabled noninvasive modulation,...

Fluctuating internal states mediate neural–behavioral covariations in V1

by Clinical Neuropsychologist Online | Wednesday, May 13, 2026 | Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 13 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02296-yThe authors report surprising covariations between subthreshold activity of single V1 neurons and behavior, demonstrating that interactions between external sensory inputs and internal...